Fumigation Requirements
ISPM 15 & Fumigation Requirements for United States
Wood packaging rules for United States: ISPM 15 is required, accepted treatments, exemptions, and penalties for non-compliance.
- Country
- United States
- Region
- North America
- ISPM 15 required
- Yes
- Marking required
- Yes
- Effective date
- 2006-09-16
United States requires ISPM 15 treatment of wood packaging material, such as pallets and crates. Accepted treatment methods: Heat Treatment (HT), Methyl Bromide (MB) - restricted.
Penalties for non-compliance: Non-compliant shipments may be refused entry, require re-export, fumigation at port (at importer's expense), or destruction. Fines up to $50,000 per violation.
Exemptions
- Wood packaging made entirely of processed wood (plywood, OSB, particle board)
- Wood packaging less than 6mm thick
- Wine and spirits barrels
- Gift boxes and decorative wood items
Additional requirements
- ISPM 15 mark must include country code, producer number, and treatment code
- Lacquered wood packaging with bark must still be treated
- Re-exported wood packaging must maintain valid ISPM 15 marks
Common issues
- Faded or illegible ISPM 15 marks
- Bark residue on treated wood
- Mixed compliant and non-compliant packaging
- Counterfeit treatment marks
Tips
- Request copies of treatment certificates from suppliers
- Photograph all wood packaging marks before shipping
- Use plastic or metal pallets for repeated shipments
- Verify supplier certification with IPPC database
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Frequently asked questions
What is ISPM 15 and why does the US require it?
ISPM 15 (International Standards for Phytosanitary Measures No. 15) is an international standard that requires wood packaging materials to be treated to prevent the spread of invasive pests. The US enforces this to protect its forests and agriculture from foreign insects and diseases.
What treatments are accepted in the US?
The US accepts Heat Treatment (HT) where wood is heated to 56°C core temperature for 30 minutes, and Methyl Bromide (MB) fumigation, though MB is being phased out due to environmental concerns.
What happens if my shipment has non-compliant wood packaging?
CBP may hold your shipment for inspection. Options include fumigation at an approved facility (expensive), re-export, or destruction. All costs are borne by the importer, plus potential fines.